Both a critically acclaimed and a popular writer, Stephen King has received a National Medal of Arts and a Medal for Distinguished Contribution to American Letters as well as multiple Bram Stoker Awards, Horror Guild Awards, Locus Awards, and World Fantasy Awards, among other honors. For example, his novella Rita Hayworth and the Shawshank Redemption (1982)-adapted by director Frank Darabont into the Oscar-nominated film The Shawshank Redemption (1994)-is a realist work. Though known primarily as a horror writer, King has also written works of fantasy, science fiction, and realism. From 1977 to 2007, he published seven novels under a pseudonym, Richard Bachman. Stephen King has published more than 60 novels since Carrie, including influential horror works such as The Shining (1977), Pet Sematary (1983), It (1986), and Misery (1987). In 1976, the director Brian De Palma made a successful film adaptation of Carrie starring Sissy Spacek after the film was released, the novel entered the New York Times bestseller list. He published his first novel, the horror story Carrie, in 1974. in English from the University of Maine, where he also met his future wife, novelist Tabitha (Spruce) King. His first story, “The Glass Floor,” was published in 1967 in the magazine Startling Mystery Stories. Stephen King was born in 1947 in Portland, Maine.
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